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Vyhodnocení používání antibiotik ve vybraných chovech celkem a ve vztahu k jednotlivým druhům a kategoriím zvířat
SVÁČKOVÁ, Marie
The thesis deals with the topic of connections between livestock health and the ne-cessity of using antimicrobial agents in breeding. The aim of the thesis was to obtain basic data and formulate knowledge about the use of antibiotics in selected breeding in total and in relation to individual species and categories of animals. In the theoretical part, basic concepts such as animal welfare, biosecurity in bree-ding are explained. Antimicrobials, disease agents and resistance of pathogens to treatment are defined. I mapped and assessed the use of antibiotics in selected bree-ding in total and in relation to individual categories of animals. In the practical part, the results focused on the use of antibiotics for the treatment of selected categories of animals and evaluation of the frequency of their application in specific breeding. Next, I evaluate the most frequently treated categories of indi-vidual animal species and the reasons for using antimicrobials for treatment. The results show that in selected cattle breeding the most used antibiotics are cepha-losporins and sulphonamides, penicillins, tetracyclines; from other antimicrobial agents antiparasitics. Also, the presence of multiresistant bacteria was detected in selected cattle breeds, specifically in respiratory and diarrhoeal diseases.
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Zoohygienic aspects and frequency of occurrence of various diseases and methods of their treatment in a selected zoo
REXHEPIOVÁ, Drita
This bachelor's thesis Zoohygienic aspects and frequency of occurrence of various diseases and methods of their treatment in selected zoo contains a literature search describing the welfare of animals, their life in captivity and details of breeding, inc-luding animal diseases and behavioral disorders. It also describes the importance and role of zoos, their distribution and positive and negative aspects. The part of bachelor thesis are animal diseases in connection with visitors i.e. zoonoses and the virus that flew through the world for the first time in 2019. Interactions between animals and visitors are also part of the research.
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Vliv vybraných ukazatelů chovného prostředí na úroveň welfare dojeného skotu
JAROLÍMKOVÁ, Alžběta
The diploma focuses on an assessment of welfare, technology and technological systems related to an efficiency and health condition of dairy cattle in selected farms in the Czech republic. Farming and veterinary database had been used in the process of compiling the diploma content; and screening methods to assess a welfare level in dairy cows herds. Stables for dairy cows must be in a dispositional, technical and operational compliance with the applied farm technology, in order to keep air circulation, dustiness, temperature and relative air humidity, gas concentration, lighting and noise levels within the safe limits. Any of the farm technological systems must not affect health condition and well-being of animals. Environment, providing animals conditions allowing natural behavior, rest and intake of food and water, creates a foundation for sustaining an appropriate welfare level of cattle as a significant prerequisite for reaching optimal productional a reproductional indicators. Even though there was no significant statistical difference documented (p >0,05) between monitored farms in selected indicators, an analysis of mutual dependency has been conducted between the environment level and some productional and reproductional indicators and health conditions of cattle.
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The Politics of Bio(in)security: science, experts and the dilemma of dual use
Rychnovská, Dagmar ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Leander, Anna (referee) ; Lupták, Ľubomír (referee)
This thesis explores the politics of biosecurity and the governance of dual-use research. It focuses on life sciences, whose rapid development brings together the issues of biological weapons, terrorism, and the dangers of scientific innovations. The thesis has three goals: first, to situate the dilemma of dual-use research historically and conceptually, second, to analyse how the attempts to govern biosecurity and regulate dual-use research in life sciences affect the relations between science and security, and third, to discuss what implications this science-security nexus has for the politics of (in)security. Approaching the subject from critical security studies, the thesis looks at how the nexus between science and security is constructed. It does so, first, by exploring the dominant political and expert discourses on biosecurity and by looking at two distinct empirical sites, which exemplify how a regime of biosecurity governance evolves at a boundary of science and security in a 'global' and 'local' context: the international biological weapons regime and the Czech system of biosecurity management. The thesis finds that the attempts to govern dual-use research in life sciences focus not only on materials and technologies but also on scientific knowledge. It conceptualizes dual-use as a problem of...
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Salmonella infection in poultry and the national eradication programme
NOVOTNÁ, Marie
The topic of the thesis is the incidence of salmonella infections in poultry and National Recovery Programs that were established in the Czech Republic on the 1stofJanuary 2007 under the European legislation, specifically by Regulation (EC) No 2160/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council from the 17th of November 2003 about the reduction of Salmonella bacteria and other agents of zoonosis in the food chain. Currently five recovery programs oriented on the reduction of Salmonella are taking place in the Czech Republic. The basis of the programs is monitoring of Salmonella incidence in breeding via taking of samples. These programs were established in order to reduce the amount of cases of human Salmonella deseases because the poultry products are the most common source of the human infections. The programs could be considered effective. For this effectiveness is important to respect the principles of correct hygiene practices.
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